วันศุกร์ที่ 22 กุมภาพันธ์ พ.ศ. 2551

Why Book Smarts Does Not Equal Success - An Explanation of Multiple Intelligences

Author : Tristan Loo
What first comes to mind when I say intelligence? Chances are that your mind conjures up images of Albert Einstein or a person who can compute numbers in their head like a computer. This type of intelligence is known as logical-mathematical intelligence and it's the predominate form of assessing intelligence in our academic systems today. While possessing a superior capacity of this type of intelligence will get you a good grade in most educational institutions, it does not lead to success, happiness, or achievements in life in and of itself. Famous Classroom Failures At the turn of the 19th century, a partially deaf boy with attention deficit disorder was sent home by his teacher with a note to his parents saying that the boy was "stupid and unteachable." This marked the end of the formal schooling for this boy. As an adult, the grade-school failure went on to challenge the greatest scientific minds and academic theorists of his time by inventing the world's first sustainable electric light bulb and became immortalized in history as being the most prolific inventor of the modern age—Thomas Alva Edison.At the beginning of the 19th century, a humble frontier boy, living in a one-room log cabin in Kentucky, left grade-school after only 18 months—never to set foot in a classroom again. This boy had a voracious appetite for books however and mastered everything from the bible to law books. In fact, the young man self-taught his way into his professional career as an attorney which opened the gateway for him to enter politics. On November 6, 1860, the man with only 18 months of grade-school education was elected as the 16th President of the United States and went on to become one of the most inspirational presidents of all time—Abraham Lincoln.The Nine Distinct IntelligencesIt is unfortunate that the logical-mathematical type of intelligence is the predominate form of intelligence used to rate students today in educational institutions. There are in fact nine distinct types of intelligence according to Harvard psychologist Dr. Howard Gardner, who published his theory on multiple intelligences in 1983. The following is a description of those nine intelligences:1. Logical Intelligence (Number/Reasoning Smarts)This is having the ability to calculate and quantify as well as complete mathematical operations. It makes use of inductive and deductive reasoning patterns. This type of intelligence is well developed in mathematicians, scientists, and detectives. These types of people are interested in patterns, categories, and relationships. They have a love of arithmetic problems, strategy games such as chess, and conducting methodical experiments.You Might Be Logically Intelligent if you're good at:
• Solving mathematical problems
• Strategy Games
• Chess
• Conducting scientific experiments
• Computer programming
• Doing investigationsExamples of Logically Intelligent People
• Math teachers / professors
• Computer programmers
• Engineers
• Chemists
• Detectives
• Scientists2. Environmental Intelligence (Nature Smarts)This is having the ability to discriminate among living things and their natural environment. This type of intelligence was important for survival in our evolutionary past as hunters, gatherers, and later as farmers. In modern times, environmentally intelligent people are keen to pick up on subtle changes in environment and movements. Their level of awareness and attention to minute details are superb. These type of people often see, hear, and smell things that other people miss.You Might Be Environmentally Intelligent if you're good at:
• Identifying suspicious characters from a crowd
• Noticing subtle changes in your surroundings
• Cooking
• Knowing when food is going bad
• Spotting poison ivy while hiking
• Spotting animals that are hidingExamples of Environmentally Intelligent People
• Chefs
• Police officers
• Farmers
• Hunters
• Rangers
• Botanists3. Musical Intelligence (Musical Smarts)This is the keen ability to discern pitch, rhythm, and tone. This type of intelligence allows us to recognize and reproduce music that is presented to us. Logical-mathematical thinkers and musical thinkers share common thought processes. Musically intelligent people can often express passionate emotion through the use of music.You Might Be Musically Intelligent if you're good at:
• Karaoke
• Playing a musical instrument
• Identifying the differences between similar sounds
• Reproducing sounds and tunesExamples of Musically Intelligent People
• Musicians
• Vocalists
• Composers
• Conductors
• Sound specialists4. Spiritual Intelligence (Spiritual Smarts)This is a form of philosophical and spiritual intelligence that tackles deep unanswerable questions about human existence and the meaning of life. Members of the clergy have high levels of this intelligence.You Might Be Spiritually Intelligent if you're good at:
• Pondering the great unknown
• Articulating the meaning of life
• Justifying death, suffering, etc.Examples of Spiritually Intelligent People
• Religious leaders
• Spiritual leaders
• Monks / Nuns
• Philosophers
• Life coaches5. Interpersonal Intelligence (Street Smarts)Interpersonal intelligence is having the ability to read and communicate well with other people. It involves both verbal and nonverbal communication. It involves the sensitivities of moods and emotions of others. Teachers, social workers, actors, and politicians all possess high interpersonal intelligence.You Might Be Interpersonally Intelligent if you're good at:
• Reading people
• Making friends
• Communicating with others
• Understanding other peoples' motives
• Empathizing with others
• Flirting/Seducing members of the opposite sexExamples of Interpersonally Intelligent People
• Teachers
• Social workers
• Actors
• Politicians
• Psychologists
• Natural leaders6. Intrapersonal Intelligence (Self Smarts)This type of intelligence is having the capacity of knowing one's thoughts and feelings and life purpose. It not only involves appreciation of the self, but also of the human condition. Intrapersonally intelligent people have very good control of their emotions and tend to be shy and reserved towards others when they are young.You Might Be Intrapersonally Intelligent if you're good at:
• Knowing and accepting how you feel
• Listening to yourself
• Understanding the nature of your emotions
• Planning your life direction
• Motivating yourselfExamples of Intrapersonally Intelligent People
• Psychologists
• Spiritual leaders
• Philosophers7. Kinesthetic Intelligence (Body Smarts)This is the ability to use a variety of physical skills and being able to manipulate physical objects with proficiency. This type of intelligence requires a great harmony between the mind and the body. This includes hand-eye coordination and athleticism.You Might Be Kinesthetically Intelligent if you're good at:
• Playing sports
• Catching thrown objects
• Falling without injury
• Dancing
• Hand-eye coordination activities
• Anything involving quick reflexesExamples of Kinesthetically Intelligent People
• Athletes
• Dancers
• Mechanics
• Craftsmen
• Soldiers8. Linguistic Intelligence (Word Smarts)This is having the ability to use words and language to articulate complex meanings and convey emotions. This form of intelligence is the most widely shared of human competencies. Prolific writers and speakers have the ability to move people and change emotions with their written or spoken words.You Might Be Linguistically Intelligent if you're Good at:
• Writing
• Reading
• Telling stories
• Doing crossword puzzlesExamples of Linguistically Intelligent People
• Journalists
• Novelists
• Public Speakers
• Consultants
• Coaches
• Poets9. Spatial Intelligence (Picture Smarts)This is having the ability to think in three dimensions. It involves being able to visualize things beyond the surface and think in relation to height, width, and depth as well. A sculptor who is given a block of stone has the ability to see the human figure from that block of stone. An architect has the ability to see the building from a vacant piece of land.You Might Be Spatially Intelligent if you're Good at:
• Sculpting
• Painting
• Drawing
• Putting together jigsaw puzzles
• NavigationExamples of Spatially Intelligent People
• Sailors
• Pilots
• Sculptors
• Painters
• ArchitectsKnowing Your Strengths and Weaknesses Now that you know what the nine distinct types of intelligences are, figure out where you're natural blend of intelligences are by giving yourself a score from zero to ten for each of the nine intelligences. Be honest about your natural abilities. This will give you a good baseline at where your strengths and weaknesses lie.The good thing is that you can improve your level of intelligence through sustainable repetition and practice. Familiarity with a certain skill or ability compensates for a lack of natural aptitude for a certain intelligence, so while you might not be Albert Einstein, you can learn to solve mathematical equations through repetition and practice. You might not be Mozart, but you can learn how to play a guitar through practice. You might not be Captain Nemo, but you can learn to navigate a boat through proper training.Remember that success in life is not dependant on having a high level of any one particular intelligence, but rather being well-rounded in all forms of intelligence. This should be your goal in life.Reference:
Gardner, Howard. Multiple Intelligences: A Theory in Practice. Basic Books. 1993© Copyright 2006 by Tristan Loo.For over 10 years, Tristan Loo has inspired, motivated, and brought success to the lives of the people he's touched. Successful in his own right, Tristan has competed athletically against Olympians as a world-class gymnast, saved lives as a police officer, authored numerous Personal Development and Interpersonal Communication books and articles, and is a highly sought-after Personal Development Coach. Tristan is the founder of the Synergy Institute, a San Diego based Personal Development Firm. His philosophy of passionate living and helping others fulfill their dreams has continually been the driving force that has placed him well above the industry standard. Visit Tristan's website at http://www.synergyinstituteonline.com or by email at info@synergyinstituteonline.com
Keyword : intelligence, education, success, tristan, loo, synergy, institute, smarts, thinking

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